We have 4 express routes; 607; X26; X68; X140 as well as express sections on normal routes; 96; 132; A10. It's a far cry from London's peak.
How many do other European cities have?
Pro tip: Hong Kong is the boss, funny, as that's a pre-British controlled metropolitan area.
Better the Network: Express Routes.
Here we go.
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| Only 5% power of Singapore |
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Whereby a name is stated and no © is present, the photo is Some Rights Reserved and may be used in accordance to the license.
EUROPE
Germany.
I haven't touched the country in reality but digitally I've had my fair share of driving virtually what's based off the real thing. In Berlin you have the X10 which gives our X26 a run for it's money. From the Zoologischer Garten and extending outwards with bifurcations of it's own, three almost like the Metropolitan Line.
Berlin.
Before I go any further, I'd like to say the bus map of Berlin containing every route yet appearing nice to look at is appealing, since it's going to look like a bloodbath with hundreds of routes in London. A genuine plus is the integration of the S and U Bahn lines into the map much like some iterations of our maps, see Denmark Hill & Kings College Hospital in circa 2010 (including Southern and Southeastern lines on the bus map) as well as the quadrant (North West/East, South West/East) maps. Unlike the spider map example, the Berlin map also includes riverbuses (or ferry, no judging here).
It's not an exaggeration but for every corridor of routes they have, there is an express route. Most certainly for every family of routes. What do I mean by family? See our 68/168/468/N68, Berlin has it's equivalents literally everywhere. 118/218/318, 122/222/322/N22, 134/234/X34/N34. The latter numerically similar to once-upon-a-time combination of our 43/134/234/X43.
In one instance, for X49, there's Metrobus M49. More on the Metrobus term in the notes below.
Express routes: X7 X10 X11 X21 X33 X34 X36 X49 X54 X69 X71 X76 X83
Total count of radial express X routes: 5: X7 X10 X21 X34 X76
Total count of orbital express X routes: 8: X11 X33 X36 X49 X54 X69 X71 X83
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| Alan B Wanted a photo of X10, hit a gold mine with a photo of withdrawn X9 at Tegel Airport would be nice if we also had Citaro C2 Gs |
Note: X11 is their equivalent of an X26 that goes from one side to the other whilst bending down via south, except X26 no longer is the 726 that went Bromley.
Note 2: X7 and X36 are rather short in-map, definitely compared to monsters such as X10 and X11.
Note 3: Post-October 2020 (the latest map downloadable from BVG as of typing this post) 236 and X36 were fused into a Metrobus route M36, gaining the privileges of 24-hour service and every 10 minute daytime service as well as being on tram and rail maps since Metrobus routes gain such fame.
To understand this, picture our 13 (Aldwych-Golders Green) and 82 (Victoria-North Finchley) being fused into a megabus service and being on the Tube and Rail map. Pretty much.
There's 17 Metrobus routes that form alongside the Metrotram network.
Note 4: TXL (Tegel Airport-Alexanderplatz) was withdrawn following closure of Berlin's Tegel Airport.
Due to the sheer amount of routes I won't be drawing a road map for 1:1 scale so you can just reference Berlin's own map.
Liechtenstein.
The country that is small, so small it doesn't have an airport but has all of public transport in it for free as the people of the country pay for it via tax, good thing we're not a tax haven as I wouldn't exist here but probably as a hateable American douchebag instead of an understanding tea-loving communist that loves big red blocks of metal, moving up and down.
The overseeing company is Liechtenstein Bus, or LIEmobil for short (and subsidiary of Swiss Postbus), never truthful but to stick to the point, the Wikipedia page lists above a dozen petrol powered buses and twenty three diesels. Quite the small network huh, if that is it's true form. In any case, the network of transport does enter to border countries of Austria and Switzerland, with the nearest airport not far from the borders of the neutral countries.
A count of 19 day routes and 4 night routes.
Express routes: 12E 13E 36E.
They're all Monday-Friday only and are also infrequent, with only 12E providing an end-to-end service between peaks hourly whilst 36E settles for partial service at half hourly.
Note: The timetables are pretty cute, including a geographically accurate mini-map as well as connections to other routes.
Fun fact: Liechtenstein (160 km²) has more express routes per km² than London (1575km²). Definitely not pushing an agenda or propaganda whatsoever with these calculations...
Liechtenstein's total express lines (12E 16km, 13E 21km, 36E 20km) cover more than half of the small country's road surface (105 km), whilst London barely scratches 0.6% road surface coverage (granted at least tenth of 14801 km for all the small and unsuitable roads as a low ball handicap deficit it'd be 6%) against Liech's 54%. You can read the details of our routes on London Bus Routes.net and I've prepared a spreadsheet containing other info which will spoil stuff so it's on the last few paragraphs, for now feast your eyes on the map below.
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| Combining the timetable mini-maps with ingenuity |
Netherlands
Deutschland Deutschland Deutschland the Queen is German and Holland is the country... it's two important provinces so it's not technically wrong to call Netherlands Holland. So how do our friends that conquered the water fare there?
Amsterdam the city of cycling, rebuilding it with green in mind. What of it's buses though? As souped up as the cycle lanes filled everywhere like jam on a toast? Or like peanut butter on a completely destroyed loaf?
Our good friends Connex, not short for Connexxion don't get it twisted and oh no, they're owned by someone else! Transdev! A familiar name that used to be players in London! For starters I just wanted to give credit to 346 (Haarlem-Amsterdam Zuid) which started the Dutch double deck spree again with VDL Futura FDD2s which erm, they're coaches really but benefit of the doubt, they're used like a bus is a bus by the looks of it. Whilst I typically visited capital cities, I was pretty close to going Rotterdam but a tale for a never time.
So I'd like to continue shouting out 346, having a section where it doesn't stop along the motorway sort of like our A10. You can make a case for it being an express but it's not counted as an express. This sort of grey line is pretty unclear either way.
So for this case I'll just make an honourable mentions of routes that have long distances between stop(s): 80 300 320 346 356 397
To name a few, I've definitely missed some or stretched the boundary for making them count but I see no ekspress route so... oh well.
Norway.
In Oslo as I've taken a trip there, one route that caught my eye was the cross-city 31, which had peak-time express variant 31E, mistaking the E for an extra was something I've done, though as a consequence of it being express (ekspress, in Norwegian tongue) I had no use for it getting to the pier, however the standard 31 was a busy route nonetheless so speeding it up definitely helped for the long-distance nature of it I imagine.
Since my 2017 visit I can already see 31E has been extended from Tonsenhagen to Kalbakken. Whilst in the other direction the 80E, 81 and 83 have been restored from Rådhuset to Jernbanetorget following roadworks, as well as a general restructure of lines in the southeast.
There's also been a withdrawal, 36E (Fornebu - Jernbanetorget) which essentially was an express version of an already express 31E but only terminating at the main train station.
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| Nobina 1279 at Rådhuset MAN Lion City G CNG |
Much like in the Berlin example, these express routes cover over busy routes, namely, the West to Northeast 31 (Snarøya - Forenebu - Jernbanetorget - Tonsenhagen - Grorud T) whilst in the Southeast corner you have the 80 series routes 80-85.
Express routes: 31E 80E 82E 84E.
All of them are radial, and all of them except 80E are peak hour weekday only services.
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| Ruter's Google Maps plus my ingenuity. |
Denmark
Copenhagen I wasn't initially going to include but by chance I mistook the capital cities of Denmark and Sweden the other way around and so I've gained an interest seeing the likes of Arriva and Connex there with tri-axle Scania OmniLink, so I'll skip over the one country I've not visited the capital of for today. I know the post is about express routes but I couldn't help but have large amounts of jealousy seeing how specific and frankly, a bit over the top, the Bus Rapid Transit system is but that's my foul opinion of it but if I were to be critically acclaiming it, something along the lines of 'revolutionary' or something. The buses are, much like in Germany's example of Metrobus routes, 24-hour, but like in TfL land of high frequency routes, they're more of a 'turn up and go' with a headway service of frequency being relevant, and along the lines of every 10 minutes outside of peaks in the evenings, they have an A suffix. So 1A, 7A, etcetera. The best part? They're all open boarding, most lines using 13.2m+ long buses. Even that said, The jealousy spirals from Stockholm's "blue bus," known as "the street metro," so in 2002, it happened, A-bus with it's own yellow-red livery, in conjunction with a metro line inauguration. Just hearing of information being sent to homes is ringing bells of nostalgia of Yellow Page books, as well as information from TfL being very sparse to put it nicely nowadays. Anyways, Copenhagen has 2/3 of traffic being cars so, moving on to the topic at hand.
Movia is the one responsible in Copenhagen, and their ideology for express?
Express routes:
Well before that, accessing how to get information was a pain initially if you've assumed the body responsible for overseeing contractors is the same as the one responsible for transport, but no, information is not on Movia' site but here. From what I understand, the numbering system consists of the areas (Zealand, Lolland, Falster, Møn) which include København, perhaps the entirety of Danmark.
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| Straight up Google Maps |
There's only 15E (Norreport St. - Forskerparken), coincidentally 15 miles, in Copenhagen with it's longer S-suffix complimentary route 150S.
The S-suffix routes work as long distance 'Bus Rapid Transit' routes from what I understand so for my conspicuous Netherland squabble it's unfair if I don't lend a point to the especially tryhard east coast line 150S (Norreport St. - Kokkedal) with a peak frequency of 18 buses per hour on half it's route, dropping to a mere 2 or 3 an hour weekends/evenings. Honourable mentions include 200S, 250S, 350S and 500S.
Ekspress routes usually compliment S routes by design, 15E/150S, 30E/300S, and 40E/400/400S for example.
Though in spite of the troubles I've burdened myself with trying to find maps on Movia's sites, one can't help but wonder the thought put in to trying to communicate what they're trying to do to solve the high car usage in Copenhagen, not only copying nearby Stockholm and it's blue buses but express routes with the sole intention of serving key areas; hubs; residential areas; business areas; education areas; much less skipping stations sometimes. Under the same colour as S-suffix but not treatment is the R-suffix whose sole goal is to compete with the car by having speed as it's weapon, not my words but the document's words, læs mere her.
Italy.
Meanwhile in the 10+ years I haven't been to Rome it seems a certain line had the 25-treatment, Metro line C doing the same thing Crossrail has done. If for some reason I was still there I'd have essentially lost my [mainly direct] overcrowded route into the city and change twice if I wanted to be train-free, on the plus side it didn't lose it's City section because someone thought the Elizabeth Line would actually be up and running in 2018, whereas the Italians actually got around to finishing a huge portion of the Metro line C, and still continuing to expand it in chunks.
But alas the frequent 105 (Termini - Grotte Celoni) the gauntlet of Via Cassalina is no more having been cleanly split in two:
The whatever-frequency almost every 12-15 'circular' 105 is (Parco di Centocelle - Termini - Parco di Centocelle), as circular as our Woolwich 291 gets.
The mostly every 20 106 (Parco di Centocelle - Grotte Celoni).
Coincidentally the Park (Parco) is the former terminus of Metro line C when it's first section was finished in 2014.
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| Rome City (Green for daily express routes; Red for Sunday/holiday express routes) |
One annoying thing in Atac Roma's numbering scheme is the duplication of numbers, which seem to have trickled down since the last time I checked half a decade ago, you have your 53 near Termini and an 053 in the suburbs near my former interchange shack of Grotte Celoni. Worse is the difference between a 024 and 24, as the 0 matters for some reason in whatever logical sense that isn't to do with ease of understanding the number and not confusing it with a route tens of miles away. The 100-series (and 200-series) is all barren but the first 30 so numbers and the occasional number here and there. Not helped by my bemusement of the C prefix but that's the testament of time. There is one department they do that piqued my interest as a kid, Urban (Urbana) and Express (Espressa) routes are designated separately. Blue for the former, Green for the latter. So no need for an X or E suffix/prefix. Whether that is a good thing I leave for you to decide. I was going to mention how the separation even effects allocation but it seems Roma isn't as affluent with the way of the bus as we tea-drinkers are, for better or for worse. I will just say this: Finding what was express and what wasn't was hard...
Though the quirkiness, whether it's a benefit or not, is lines like 20, a former local line of mine straight to Metro A's terminus of Anagnina. Still roughly every 6 minutes as another busy route that links to the terminus of Metro line A relatively quickly.
Following on from that quirk, Sunday/holidays-only suffix routes with F in them (Festa, basically festival basically holiday and Sunday you'd better have stockpiled on Saturday), for example Monday-Saturday 058 (Ponte Mammolo-Tor Vergata) has a shortened version from it's northern terminus 058F (Longoni-) whilst also diverted away from Tor Vergata via Via Cassalina into the interchange at (-Grotte Celoni). That said I'm proud 058 has been extended from Birolli, in no coincidence to a station on Metro line B's main north branch.
It applies with express routes, the even longer radial limited-stop route I had no reason to do but could only dream of, Prenestina corridor's 150F (Villa Borghese/Washington - Rocca Cencia/Stabilmento Ama). Marked red as the Mike Harris style Atac Roma maps mark Festa routes red. Addendum: 150 has all-days stopping routes duplicating on the Prenestina corridor; 5 (Termini-Girani) & 14 (Termini - Togliatti).
Additionally, on the site it has a tendency to have the F suffix, but on the maps that is not present in favour of coloring it red, and dropping the Urbana/Espressa designation which is straight up confusing. There's also an Exact (Esatta) designation for the C-prefix routes, (11 in total: C2-C9, C11/C13/C19) I discovered earlier, Saturday/Sunday only routes which function similar to our Green Line 724/757/758/ex-726. So as a result, they're also express routes, what the living heavens they could possibly be I wish there was some photos I could reference from.
But I've discovered the 34 is an Esatta too. At this stage I've lost respect with the inconsistency, as that's an everyday service too albeit short.
I've dragged on because I've lived in the city for a while, doing the moving-museum light rail Rome-Giardinetti and explored many parts of it and the ridiculous amount of Piazza (insert name), almost like calling everywhere (insert name) Square. We have a thing for that too; Trafalgar Square, Leicester Square; Oxford Circus; Piccadilly Circus. Etcetera etcetera.
Espressa lines: 20 30 50 51 80 120F 150F 180F 190F
Random tidbit, 351 and 360 are my homies.
Total count of express routes: 20
Almost every express route (except 20) is an express for the corridor they serve.
Maybe we could learnt that logic...
I'll plug an idea I had in a previous post, 227X Streatham Hill to Chislehurst (changed it from a more baby step Bromley North to be honest).
France
Damn French over the channel. Anyways, our lovely RATP over here own Paris over there. All good and calm then, oui? Oui? Non. They're better than us so no, nothing is good and it is unacceptable enough with the Germans outclassing us.
There aren't obviously-express routes with prefixes, but there's plenty of routes that have express sections. So essentially X68 but without the X prefix. Still an expressing one place to another.
The ones that caught my eyes were the night routes, N131/132/134/150/152/154. I can keep counting them but I've already mentioned at least a quarter and a lot more have express sections of some kind, so give or take half of Paris' night bus network has express sections.
Okay I was lying when I said there weren't designated express routes. Just like in Rome, they are designated under a title of express and are normally numbered, casually camouflaged in other numbers. I only discovered this when opening Sector 4's road map (essentially South West Paris) where there's 60, 307, 475 (literally spanning across the entire map) and 91.08 (yes) a table below the plebeian routes. The last number reminds me of the DLC in OMSI of the 91.06 Bus Rapid Transit system network which is not fun at all if you lack hardware whatsoever on an ancient machine without discrete graphics. Moving on though, I just have to note how almost every route has wheelchair icons and then there's some outliers that don't. Monstrous. We moved away from step-free where only duplicate services as extras aren't step-free (9H, 15H). Keep up Paris.
You have more express routes, looking at Secteur 14 as my next baguette to my eyes was the 475 which comes across as an X26-like where you can count on one hand how many stops it has in a single map.
So here's a list of them all and I'll include the 91.xx bus rapid transit system because the French counted it and I won't dispute it because I haven't invaded set foot in France.
Note: There can be two different routes with the same number... in the same map. Two different 2's I've witnessed in sector 11. You can't beat a normal 18 and an express 18 parallel to each other though. That very 18 shares roads with 'normal' 10 which doesn't have stops from Les Hameaux past Le Parc aux Bœuf... this is sus.
So for the purpose of the list below, reference maps because the numbers alone clog enough space as it is:
Express routes: 18, 19, 55, 60, 91.xx series, 93, 100, 191.100, 216, 221, 252, 276, 299, 307, 350, 351, 475, 702, A14, DM151
91.xx series: 91.03, 91.05, 91.06, 91.10, 91.11
Radial: 60, 91.08, 93? 216, 299, 252, 350, 351, 702 ... DM151
Orbital: 19? 91.10, 100, 191.100? 221? 276? 307, 475, A14?
I refuse to make a map of this city after exposing myself to dozens of maps of Paris where half of them overlap in duplication of each other. Navigate it yourself.
ASIA
Hong Kong
No need to know more, it's Asia. It's densely packed and the Chinese Communist regime wants to get rid of the Democratic autonomous city which once donned the union jack. Driving on the left as a result of the British, what has become of their network?
For one they have a ridiculous bus network in sheer size, girth and weight. Tri-axles everywhere.
Starters: Hong Kong has a hierarchy (tier list much?) of routes ranging from normal to express to cross-harbour then to local/feeders.
Whereas we have a corridor mentality separating into this: Core, Connector and Local. Think of it as this; 109 a core route, C10 a connector route (on it's lone sections) and something like 130 is a local route for the most part. The more outer in London the far more likely a route is local, the busier the corridor the more likely it's... a Core. Routes can be a mix.
The city has to have such display in differentiation with the huge demand there is for buses there. Now, it's not out of the ordinary to wait a long while as buses fill up to full with another one right behind like a dispenser machine ready to fill up the next load. Negative dwell times aside, at least there is mannerisms I hear, of lining up into buses. A far cry in the western world.
Wikipedia is usually a decent starting point, not always accurate but we can correct our way with a true source along the way. Such as 642 bus lines there, almost on par with our 442 daytime numbered (includes 533, excludes 718) and 101 prefix routes.
Usually X is express but in cases like route 8, it's an express. It has an X variant, 8X, it also has a P variant which is also express, as you'd see on wikipedia.
Count of X routes: 2X; 4X; 6X; 8X; 18X; 30X; 33X(peaks); 77X(morn. peak); 82X; 88X(peaks); 99X; 720X
List of non-X express routes: 8; 8P; 18P; 65(Sundays/holidays); 70; 70A/70P (both peaks only); 77A(eve. peak); 250; 590(peaks); 720/A/P; 722; 780; 788; 789; N8P
fun fact: 8 (started in 1949, only became express in 2006)
This count doesn't matter as you'd have seen in the Wikipedia page that I only listed Hong Kong Island, there's still Kowloon, Lantau, and Cross-harbour routes linking one of the three areas together. Not to mention route numbers are independent across the areas mentioned above, i.e, no singular numbering system.
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| Hong Kong Island alone |
Kowloon [Peninsula]: 18 express routes total (X-suffix and non-X-suffix)
New Territories (the rest of Hong Kong): 247.
New World First bus routes: 18
Cross-Harbour tunnel routes: 8 (cross-harbour),
Western Harbour routes: 31 (western, includes a night route)
Eastern Harbour routes: 57
North Lantau: 17 (two Airports, three External and one Shuttle prefix routes, then 11 expo special services)
Lantau Island: 1,
Cross Border: 2
Total tally: I miscounted somewhere and to be honest, I'm not recounting again. Being honest 247 alone is a huge number to stomach not to mention the others. Makes me sick of London falling behind.
Perhaps it isn't fair counting Hong Kong essentially as a whole but I'm the ringmaster so my decisions are command here, they won't cause bias for sure. That and the fact a vast majority of express routes are peak hour only in general, although there is the addition of weekends and/or public holiday only routes which I've first learnt through fictional remix of OMSI's Grundorf (into Great Grundorf) by Hong Kong creators
Singapore
Kinda like Hong Kong but a) China isn't on it's back, b) Green everywhere, c) They're also better than us. For context, Singapore as a whole relies on public transport. Yes, that includes buses. So it's no surprise that they indeed are swarming with big green buses as much as we were swarming with a red army on Oxford Street.
I couldn't easily use the same trick I used in Denmark by exploiting Google Maps for one site that governs it all as Go-Ahead, Metroline's cousin company and SMRT all are separate entities from a public passenger point of view. In short, I'd have to scavenge each of them.
Go-Ahead: 12e, 43e, circular 36 (36A anticlockwise, 36B clockwise), 661 (towards Pasir Ris Drive 3 only).
Something of note, 43e works similar to our X68 but it's morning peak service direction reaches the evening peak and does a complete 180 degree turn. The 12e effectively is the same but between-peaks a service in both directions.
SBS Transit: 170X is the only route agreed by the site with the below routes seemingly existing only when looking for wheelchair accessible routes, that's if the e suffix works like in Go-Ahead's case.
Addendum: The e suffix is limited stop route variations of main routes.
10e 14e 30e 74e 89e 151e 174e 196e 850e 851e
SMRT: 167e 188e 188R 854e 868E 960e 963e 963R(suspended) 951E 982E.
Oddly SMRT's site contains info for other operator's (but Go-Ahead) route to my surprise so I didn't need to check Tower Transit whom I've forgotten also operate in Singapore.
Tower Transit: 97e
As much as what I said on the previous paragraph, all the routes they operate is right on Tower Transit's homepage at the time of writing.
Total count: 11
Whilst I've spent far more time on this post than intended, I've only included routes that aren't designated as a result of stumbling on the timetables briefly as well as curiosity (biasedly Go-Ahead) so it's safe to assume there are probably routes with non-stop sections, express sections that I've missed out.
For the most parts the lower numbered e suffix routes are faster variants of the main service which usually runs at high frequencies whilst the express routes usually are low frequency by our standards and have an odd operation on which direction they do run and when they do it.
Now for the map for the afterthought to me that was Singapore:
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| I have given up with SMRT and Google not cooperating |
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United Kingdom of Great Britain
Manchester deregulated since Thatcher did the capitalist thing thang in talks of being reregulated in a London-like state currently with 10 express routes, 4 of which are daily (X41 X43 X50 X57) with a sheer population mismatch as 2nd to London which has erm, the likes of overtimed routes because the passenger isn't the customer but rather who the contract is paid for which is understandable to some degree and on the flipside a turn off to the customers using the service.
One example as I created this post in advance was 133's PVR decrease of -2 to suit it's running time. On a route whose frequency peaks was every 4 is quite the moolah to be saved. Possible to stretch it thin and save some more across the network eh?
So what do we have?
X26 X68 X140 and 607, then Notting Hill Carnival 2X 36X 205X(RIP 2010-2017) 436X.
As for sections of express (non-stop): 96 132 428 A10 931
Note: 96's extension to Bluewater was a Stagecoach initiative as the contract allowed some leeway for commercial risk taking (albeit shopping hours only), paid off for Stagecoach in the end.
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| Obligatory Eye Candy EH222 YX18KPN, West Norwood Bog-standard ADL E40H Enviro400 MMC |
London had more express routes in the past than even today but not as comparable or glamorous as the size of the British Empire but modest; a total of (10 in 1993), one of which, X72 had commercial birth. X72 at the time had it's blood through current 472 whom also bears the blood of former 272 whose unreliability gave Bexleybus course of action to create the original 472 (basically current 472 but from Woolwich non-stop to Thamesmead then loop) renumbered to X72... then 272/X72 were fused into a new 472 in time for the Jubilee Line.
Though now it seems full standardisation has been the fate with the historical exceptions that would be political hot water to remove or downgrade, for example X26's 'temporary' frequency increase from hourly to half hourly. The 607 on the other hand probably wouldn't exist today if West London Transit was well above 50% in it's turn out vote. X140 however, was a cry by the people only listened after several years until Crossrail started to become more of a reality and not a pipe dream in which case it's a cost saving measure to introduce a well deserved Ruislip link without stretching resources, as much as I'd like to be optimistic about positivity.
Do we need more express routes?
Should London continue to spiral down in a slowdown of it's road speeds?
Is introducing new express routes harder than something that would go towards improving road speeds?
If your answer to all three is no; then you're a little confused.
If your last answer is a yes; then by all means continue ignoring the easily exploitable invisible gold that lies in the attractiveness of cheap and speedy travel. Rail requires infrastructure, airlines require airports and lots more hurdles. Though a bus at the end of the day, to the masses at least, is just the driver, the vehicle and the stop.
Truth be told the original draft for this post was going on for a bit about the lack of trains (tube dare I say even) in South London and that one substitute for that is express routes. Rail Replacement routes do it, even normal bus routes replace railways (see 63 and Crystal Palace High Level). One of the examples above in Germany X7 connects with metro U7 which has a bit of a dilly dallying on if U7 should serve the airport but alas.
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| 1993 vs 2021 You guess which year had more coverage of London |
I'll cut the lengthy post here and redirect you to Expressa - part 2, with your mind fresh from other countries and other babble I've forced you to consume.
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| All of London's express and limited stop routes, regional and commercial |
Note: Usage of any photos on this blog isn't permitted where no name is present (meaning it's mine, ©Unorm), or an All Rights Reserved symbol © is present. If you desire to use a photo, you must contact the original author. In my case, you should contact my Flickr.
Whereby a name is stated and no © is present, the photo is Some Rights Reserved and may be used in accordance to the license.
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